(texto da carta não digitado ainda, sic.)
Resposta do Pedro
Mario Broering, 我门，中国政府， 很喜欢你的市场愿景。 可是这个工作有很多竟争 。 和， 因为你会说一点儿汉语， 所以 我门不可以给你这个工作。 对不起。
terça-feira, 23 de agosto de 2011
Carta do Pedro pedindo emprego na China
我 叫Pedro。我在圣保罗大学毕业。 我学了生产工程， 可是我没有硕士学位 。 我会说汉语。 我没有钱。 我可以留 在这儿 一可月吗？我可以以后付 吗？
Resposta do Mário
你好同性恋学生！
我看看了你的信， 我觉得你没有经验在这儿读书。 因为没有任何人知道什么是圣保罗大大学， 所以我们都不要你来中国。而且你没有钱， 中国人不喜欢巴西穷人。要是你明年再试一下来， 我们还不让你来。
不回来，
Mário Broering
Resposta do Mário
你好同性恋学生！
我看看了你的信， 我觉得你没有经验在这儿读书。 因为没有任何人知道什么是圣保罗大大学， 所以我们都不要你来中国。而且你没有钱， 中国人不喜欢巴西穷人。要是你明年再试一下来， 我们还不让你来。
不回来，
Mário Broering
terça-feira, 7 de junho de 2011
Carol 的恐怖故事
有一天， José 在家读书。 那一天太冷， 九度， 有下雨。他的家后面， 有一片森林， 白天的时候很好看 可是黑夜的时候太恐怖。
他听了一个不好的声音从森林来的。 这个声音是一个怪物。这个怪物太大， 他的牙齿也非常恐怖， 他的眼睛还黑的。他追了José 也杀死了他。
他听了一个不好的声音从森林来的。 这个声音是一个怪物。这个怪物太大， 他的牙齿也非常恐怖， 他的眼睛还黑的。他追了José 也杀死了他。
terça-feira, 31 de maio de 2011
Mário的恐怖故事
厕所的怪物
他没有鼻子也没有耳朵。 他只有一个很大的嘴和一双很汹的眼睛。他是你看过最丑的怪物。
因为他没有朋友所以他不喜欢任何人。 他住在学校厕所。
有一个阴天一个笨蛋臭小子要进那个厕所。他的好朋友和他说：“你不可以进！在厕所里面有一个很大的怪物！”
但是这臭小子没听他的好朋友。他和他的朋友回答：“你很笨蛋啊。。。你实在觉得有怪物这这里吗？”
他的好朋友和他说：“我觉得。你进就看！”
臭小子进了厕所。一分钟不到他的朋友听过：“救命啊！帮助我！他吃过我的小第！”
他没有鼻子也没有耳朵。 他只有一个很大的嘴和一双很汹的眼睛。他是你看过最丑的怪物。
因为他没有朋友所以他不喜欢任何人。 他住在学校厕所。
有一个阴天一个笨蛋臭小子要进那个厕所。他的好朋友和他说：“你不可以进！在厕所里面有一个很大的怪物！”
但是这臭小子没听他的好朋友。他和他的朋友回答：“你很笨蛋啊。。。你实在觉得有怪物这这里吗？”
他的好朋友和他说：“我觉得。你进就看！”
臭小子进了厕所。一分钟不到他的朋友听过：“救命啊！帮助我！他吃过我的小第！”
quarta-feira, 25 de maio de 2011
So many pronunciations, so little time
Mais uma newsletter do chinesepod.com
Last week we looked at three common characters that have multiple pronunciations and multiple meanings -- 的, 得, and 地. This week we're going to continue into the murky, shady world of 多音字 (duōyīnzì), or characters that have more than one pronunciation (and more than one meaning). We won't be able to go over all of them (there aren't that many of them, but there are enough that we can't write about all of them in a single newsletter!), but we'll try to touch on some of the most common ones.
还 (hái) and 还 (huán)
还, pronounced hái and meaning "still," is one of the earliest characters learned by students of Chinese. However, it also frequently appears with the pronunciation huán, where it means "to return," both in the sense of returning something that has been given to you, and returning to a place or condition.
One easy way to tell the difference between these two is that 还 (hái) is generally found either alone or in a phrase (like 还是 or 还不错), whereas when 还 is found as a component in a word it is generally pronounced huán.
为 (wéi) and 为 (wèi)
The two flavors of 为 can be maddening, as they differ only in tone but carry different meanings, so if you're not listening carefully it can be quite hard to tell the difference between the two.
The rule is that 为 is only pronounced wèi when it means "for" or "on account of," and in certain words (specifically: 为了 (wèile), 为着 (wèizhe), 为什么 (wèishenme), and 因为 (yīnwèi)), and in all other cases 为 is pronounced wéi. You'll most often encounter this second tone pronunciation in words that mean "to be," "to become," or related concepts, such as 成为 (chéngwéi) and 认为 (rènwéi).
For a little more talk about 为 (and 为了), please check out our recent Qing Wen episode on the topic.
重 (zhòng) and 重 (chóng)
Unlike the two different 为s, 重 (zhòng), meaning "heavy," and 重 (chóng), meaning "again," are distinct enough that they're pretty easy to keep straight. Mostly it confuses elementary students when it takes its chóng form, because it is mostly (and first) encountered as zhòng, and thus causes some serious double-takes when first encountered in force. Compounds containing 重 (zhòng) greatly outnumber 重 (chóng), though 重新 (chóngxīn, again; anew; afresh) and 重复 (chóngfù, to repeat) are common enough that you should know them if you don't already.
行 (xíng) and 行 (háng)
行 is a pretty cool character. As xíng, it can both mean "to be acceptable" and to move or to travel (such as the word bicycle, 自行车 (zìxíngchē) -- self move vehicle, or a vehicle that you yourself can move). As 行 (háng), though, it takes one a totally different meaning, sometimes meaning "a line" (i.e., a line of text), but more often meaning "shop" or "business" (as in bank, 银行 (yínháng) -- a store/shop for silver).
Interestingly, in many dialects (such as Cantonese) two different 行s are pronounced either identically or much more similarly than they are in Mandarin.
长 (cháng) and 长 (zhǎng)
长 (cháng) and 长 (zhǎng) are a pair that still throw me sometimes when I'm skimming text. The first one you'll likely encounter is 长 (cháng), which means "long," but 长 (zhǎng) -- which alternatively means "to grow" or, as would follow, "elder" or "senior." While they obviously have different meanings and are different parts of speech, the fact that both can be used by themselves as words makes parsing a bit harder than with some of the 多音字 above.
Last week we looked at three common characters that have multiple pronunciations and multiple meanings -- 的, 得, and 地. This week we're going to continue into the murky, shady world of 多音字 (duōyīnzì), or characters that have more than one pronunciation (and more than one meaning). We won't be able to go over all of them (there aren't that many of them, but there are enough that we can't write about all of them in a single newsletter!), but we'll try to touch on some of the most common ones.
还 (hái) and 还 (huán)
还, pronounced hái and meaning "still," is one of the earliest characters learned by students of Chinese. However, it also frequently appears with the pronunciation huán, where it means "to return," both in the sense of returning something that has been given to you, and returning to a place or condition.
One easy way to tell the difference between these two is that 还 (hái) is generally found either alone or in a phrase (like 还是 or 还不错), whereas when 还 is found as a component in a word it is generally pronounced huán.
为 (wéi) and 为 (wèi)
The two flavors of 为 can be maddening, as they differ only in tone but carry different meanings, so if you're not listening carefully it can be quite hard to tell the difference between the two.
The rule is that 为 is only pronounced wèi when it means "for" or "on account of," and in certain words (specifically: 为了 (wèile), 为着 (wèizhe), 为什么 (wèishenme), and 因为 (yīnwèi)), and in all other cases 为 is pronounced wéi. You'll most often encounter this second tone pronunciation in words that mean "to be," "to become," or related concepts, such as 成为 (chéngwéi) and 认为 (rènwéi).
For a little more talk about 为 (and 为了), please check out our recent Qing Wen episode on the topic.
重 (zhòng) and 重 (chóng)
Unlike the two different 为s, 重 (zhòng), meaning "heavy," and 重 (chóng), meaning "again," are distinct enough that they're pretty easy to keep straight. Mostly it confuses elementary students when it takes its chóng form, because it is mostly (and first) encountered as zhòng, and thus causes some serious double-takes when first encountered in force. Compounds containing 重 (zhòng) greatly outnumber 重 (chóng), though 重新 (chóngxīn, again; anew; afresh) and 重复 (chóngfù, to repeat) are common enough that you should know them if you don't already.
行 (xíng) and 行 (háng)
行 is a pretty cool character. As xíng, it can both mean "to be acceptable" and to move or to travel (such as the word bicycle, 自行车 (zìxíngchē) -- self move vehicle, or a vehicle that you yourself can move). As 行 (háng), though, it takes one a totally different meaning, sometimes meaning "a line" (i.e., a line of text), but more often meaning "shop" or "business" (as in bank, 银行 (yínháng) -- a store/shop for silver).
Interestingly, in many dialects (such as Cantonese) two different 行s are pronounced either identically or much more similarly than they are in Mandarin.
长 (cháng) and 长 (zhǎng)
长 (cháng) and 长 (zhǎng) are a pair that still throw me sometimes when I'm skimming text. The first one you'll likely encounter is 长 (cháng), which means "long," but 长 (zhǎng) -- which alternatively means "to grow" or, as would follow, "elder" or "senior." While they obviously have different meanings and are different parts of speech, the fact that both can be used by themselves as words makes parsing a bit harder than with some of the 多音字 above.
terça-feira, 24 de maio de 2011
Inty 的恐怖故事
obs. 恐怖 kong3 bù - terror, 故事 gùshì - história
有一天我在家看电视。看到很晚。看的是一部恐怖电影。我不喜欢这种电影可是电视里没有一部更好。那一天的晚上月亮圆圆的，月光很漂亮。突然听了外面一个人在叫。叫得很大声。我想：`我去看看吧。。。`。
我家旁边有很多森林。声音是从森林来的。想一想，还是要去看吧！
走，走，走。没有人叫的声音了。听了一只狗叫，也叫得很大声。想一想，还是要去看吧！
突然看了一个很大的东西。不知道是人 ，是鬼，是怪物。想一想，不要去看吧！
Desafio:
Como você traduziria: 想一想?
有一天我在家看电视。看到很晚。看的是一部恐怖电影。我不喜欢这种电影可是电视里没有一部更好。那一天的晚上月亮圆圆的，月光很漂亮。突然听了外面一个人在叫。叫得很大声。我想：`我去看看吧。。。`。
我家旁边有很多森林。声音是从森林来的。想一想，还是要去看吧！
走，走，走。没有人叫的声音了。听了一只狗叫，也叫得很大声。想一想，还是要去看吧！
突然看了一个很大的东西。不知道是人 ，是鬼，是怪物。想一想，不要去看吧！
Desafio:
Como você traduziria: 想一想?
sexta-feira, 20 de maio de 2011
Rafael 的文章 - 巴西文化
大家知道巴西是桑巴和足球但是巴西还有更多东西。我们有很多种烹饪，有沙滩，有森林和最重要的：女人。
Vocabulário:
知道 Zhīdào - saber
桑巴 Sāng bā - samba
更多 Gèng duō - ainda mais
种 Zhǒng - tipos
烹饪Pēngrèn- culinária
沙滩 Shātān - praia
重要 Zhòngyào - importante
Vocabulário:
知道 Zhīdào - saber
桑巴 Sāng bā - samba
更多 Gèng duō - ainda mais
种 Zhǒng - tipos
烹饪Pēngrèn- culinária
沙滩 Shātān - praia
重要 Zhòngyào - importante
quarta-feira, 18 de maio de 2011
Texto sobre 的，地 e 得
O texto abaixo é do ótimo site chinesepod.com.
The Three Musketeers (的, 得, and 地)
In the first lesson of pretty much every introductory Chinese language text, students will learn 的. Generally (but not always -- we'll get to that in a bit) pronounced 'de' (with a neutral tone), it fills a variety of grammatical roles, including but not limited to indicating subordination (我的书 -- "my book") and nominalization (卖书的 -- "the person/thing that sells books"). 的 is pretty straightforward (especially if you have any background in languages like Japanese or Korean, where の and 의 play much the same role), and most people don't have much trouble mastering its most frequent usages.
Then, perhaps just a few weeks later, Chinese throws you a curveball. There are two other grammatical particles pronunced 'de' -- 得 and 地 -- but unlike 的 these two characters are frequently found in other contexts in which they play no grammatical role at all, have distinct meanings, and are not even pronounced 'de.' These two, and their relatively simpler, easier-to-master cousin 的, are the focus of this newsletter.
地 : not just the ground anymore
地 is a pretty common character, and is normally pronounced 'dì.' It means the ground, dirt, soil, the earth, etc. You might recognize it from such playful words as 地球 (dìqiú, the Earth) and 地方 (dìfāng, place). However, 地 also plays a grammatical role in which it connects an adverb to the verb that it modifies. Here are a couple of examples:
他认真地学习中文。 He studies Chinese seriously.
妈妈大声地唱歌。 Mother sings loudly.
老师慢慢地摇了头。 The teacher slowly shook his head.
In each of these three examples, 地 is pronunced 'de' and plays no role save for marking the adverb. Not all adverbs need 地 to mark them (several common monosyllabic adverbs like 多, 少, 早, 晚, etc. that are mostly used for imperatives, for instance), but most do. It should be noted that, as in the third example, monosyllabic adverbs are normally repeated before the 地 attaches them to the verb.
得 : you've gotta love it (seriously, you have to)
The third of the 'de' particles is 得, which has a day job being pronunced 'děi' and meaning 'must,' as in 我得走了 (I have to go). As a grammatical particle, however, 得 attaches verbal complements to verbs (when the verbal complement is negated, though, 不 replaces 得). Some examples include:
他说得很好。 He speaks well.
今天我困得厉害。 Today I'm very tired.
孩子最近表现得不好。 The child has acted poorly recently.
There are several different sentence structures in which 得 can be found, depending on whether or not the verb being modified takes an object. Yale University hosts a good rundown of the various combinations here.
的 : not always what it appears
Though I said earlier that 的 was the most straightforward of the three 'de' particles, it also leads something of a secret life. While its grammatical role is by far the most common, it also appears in a few other words sporting either the pronunciation 'dì' or (in only a single case, the word 的确) 'dí' (if that weren't enough, 的 is also pronounced 'dī' in a few colloquial words in which it refers a taxi -- imports from the Cantonese word for taxi, 的士). These aren't that confusing, really, but given the frequency at which 的 is used in its grammatical role, finding it in a different situation can be disorienting at first.
Gah! How am I ever going to get this straight?
It's not that bad, really. 的 is pretty simple, and 得 is used more frequently as a grammatical particle than it is as a standalone word. Only 地 is a bit tricky, but since it is normally bundled with another character as part of a word and found alone when acting as a grammatical particle, context should help you clear up any confusion.
And don't worry if you make a mistake or two with them, because native speakers do it all the time. In particular, using 的 for all three grammatical situations is extremely common in informal writing, the equivalent, perhaps, of writing 'u' instead of 'you.' People might have to reread your sentence to make sure they read it right, but in virtually every case you'll be understood (and probably gently chided, and then corrected).
The Three Musketeers (的, 得, and 地)
In the first lesson of pretty much every introductory Chinese language text, students will learn 的. Generally (but not always -- we'll get to that in a bit) pronounced 'de' (with a neutral tone), it fills a variety of grammatical roles, including but not limited to indicating subordination (我的书 -- "my book") and nominalization (卖书的 -- "the person/thing that sells books"). 的 is pretty straightforward (especially if you have any background in languages like Japanese or Korean, where の and 의 play much the same role), and most people don't have much trouble mastering its most frequent usages.
Then, perhaps just a few weeks later, Chinese throws you a curveball. There are two other grammatical particles pronunced 'de' -- 得 and 地 -- but unlike 的 these two characters are frequently found in other contexts in which they play no grammatical role at all, have distinct meanings, and are not even pronounced 'de.' These two, and their relatively simpler, easier-to-master cousin 的, are the focus of this newsletter.
地 : not just the ground anymore
地 is a pretty common character, and is normally pronounced 'dì.' It means the ground, dirt, soil, the earth, etc. You might recognize it from such playful words as 地球 (dìqiú, the Earth) and 地方 (dìfāng, place). However, 地 also plays a grammatical role in which it connects an adverb to the verb that it modifies. Here are a couple of examples:
他认真地学习中文。 He studies Chinese seriously.
妈妈大声地唱歌。 Mother sings loudly.
老师慢慢地摇了头。 The teacher slowly shook his head.
In each of these three examples, 地 is pronunced 'de' and plays no role save for marking the adverb. Not all adverbs need 地 to mark them (several common monosyllabic adverbs like 多, 少, 早, 晚, etc. that are mostly used for imperatives, for instance), but most do. It should be noted that, as in the third example, monosyllabic adverbs are normally repeated before the 地 attaches them to the verb.
得 : you've gotta love it (seriously, you have to)
The third of the 'de' particles is 得, which has a day job being pronunced 'děi' and meaning 'must,' as in 我得走了 (I have to go). As a grammatical particle, however, 得 attaches verbal complements to verbs (when the verbal complement is negated, though, 不 replaces 得). Some examples include:
他说得很好。 He speaks well.
今天我困得厉害。 Today I'm very tired.
孩子最近表现得不好。 The child has acted poorly recently.
There are several different sentence structures in which 得 can be found, depending on whether or not the verb being modified takes an object. Yale University hosts a good rundown of the various combinations here.
的 : not always what it appears
Though I said earlier that 的 was the most straightforward of the three 'de' particles, it also leads something of a secret life. While its grammatical role is by far the most common, it also appears in a few other words sporting either the pronunciation 'dì' or (in only a single case, the word 的确) 'dí' (if that weren't enough, 的 is also pronounced 'dī' in a few colloquial words in which it refers a taxi -- imports from the Cantonese word for taxi, 的士). These aren't that confusing, really, but given the frequency at which 的 is used in its grammatical role, finding it in a different situation can be disorienting at first.
Gah! How am I ever going to get this straight?
It's not that bad, really. 的 is pretty simple, and 得 is used more frequently as a grammatical particle than it is as a standalone word. Only 地 is a bit tricky, but since it is normally bundled with another character as part of a word and found alone when acting as a grammatical particle, context should help you clear up any confusion.
And don't worry if you make a mistake or two with them, because native speakers do it all the time. In particular, using 的 for all three grammatical situations is extremely common in informal writing, the equivalent, perhaps, of writing 'u' instead of 'you.' People might have to reread your sentence to make sure they read it right, but in virtually every case you'll be understood (and probably gently chided, and then corrected).
terça-feira, 17 de maio de 2011
Isabela 的文章
Glee Club – 18集 jí
合唱团的 俱乐部赢得了地区的 比赛。 现在他们需要 赢得 全国比赛。 可是他们要跳舞 Finn 跳的不好， 他打破了 Rachel 的鼻子. Rachel 要拉鼻子的皮。 Kurt 会去学校他们唱 "Born This Way" 为了表明他们的变化。
合唱团 héchàngtuán – coral
俱乐部 jùlèbù—clube
赢得 yíngdé- ganhar
地区的dìqūde- regional
比赛 bǐsài-campeonato
现在 xiànzài-agora
需要 xūyào- precisar
全国 quánguó- nacional
打破 dǎpò- quebrar
拉皮 lāpí- cirurgia plástica
为了 wèile – para (com o intuito de)
表明biǎomíng - mostrar
变化 biànhuà- mudança
Pedro 的文章
网球
网球是一个运 动。这个是用球 拍 和网 球 打 的。网 球 的球 只可以 弹 跳 一次。球 需 要 在 底 线 和边线 的 里面弹 跳。 还需 要过上球 网 。 发球 了比赛就开始， 一直 打 到一个人失球 了。
Mário的文章
中国食物
因为中国在世界的另一边所以他们的食物最奇怪的。
很多年前中国人吃猴子脑和狗肉。 可是目前他们都不吃这种食物， 他们只吃蚕和蝎子肉（有些城市还吃狗肉）。
你到底要不要去中国？
如果你想去中国就你可以吃一碗酸辣汤还是一盘皮蛋豆腐，都真很好吃！
segunda-feira, 16 de maio de 2011
欢迎！Bem-vindo!
Esse blog existe para trocar ideias e textos em Mandarim.
Mesmo sabendo que o cltr+c - google translator - cltr+v resolveria todos os seus problemas de leitura desse blog em Mandarim, convido os alunos a exercitarem um pouco mais que seus dedos no teclado...
Na medida do impossível, sugestões de sites, softwares, dicionários on-line, etc., também serão postadas aqui.
Enfim, só coisa de quem tem 'palafuso' a menos na cabeça...
Mesmo sabendo que o cltr+c - google translator - cltr+v resolveria todos os seus problemas de leitura desse blog em Mandarim, convido os alunos a exercitarem um pouco mais que seus dedos no teclado...
Na medida do impossível, sugestões de sites, softwares, dicionários on-line, etc., também serão postadas aqui.
Enfim, só coisa de quem tem 'palafuso' a menos na cabeça...
Assinar:
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